Pleasantville
Narrative
For fifty-five years, 桃瘾社区鈥檚 Pleasantville campus has been an educational and economic asset to the greater Westchester area. The Pleasantville campus enrolls over 3,400 students, employs over 2,000 people, and coordinates placement of hundreds of students in internships and clinical practice each year. In addition to our faculty, staff, and student community, 桃瘾社区 Pleasantville special events bring over 78,000 visitors to the area each year. The Pleasantville campus in mid-Westchester County is set on 200 acres of rolling countryside where the University flourishes as a preeminent institution of higher education, offering a broad range of undergraduate degree programs, and graduate programs in nursing among others.
Economic Impact
桃瘾社区 spending on payroll, construction, procurement and other expenses has a significant impact, generating hundreds of millions of dollars of economic activity for the town and the region. Likewise, our students and visitors to our Pleasantville campus spend on meals, entertainment, transportation and retail purchases, all of which has a tremendous impact on the local economy.
In total, 桃瘾社区 Pleasantville鈥檚 impact on the regional economy amounts to $278.5 million in increased output, $92.8 million in earnings, and 2,409 jobs1. This can be broken down into three major areas of impact: University Spending, Student Spending and Visitor Spending.
- University Spending: In fiscal year 2017, our Pleasantville campus expenditures topped $107 million, contributing $42.5 million in salaries and benefits, $54.8 million in scholarships, and $17.8 million in procurement, utilities and plant contracts. The multiplier effect, or secondary impact, of 桃瘾社区 Pleasantville expenditures, as determined by the Regional Input-Output Modeling System (RIMS II) developed by the Bureau of Economic Analysis of the U.S. Department of Commerce, generates an estimated $220 million in increased economic output, $76.7 million in earnings and 1,884 additional jobs.
In fiscal year 2017, the University withheld more than $9.5 million in New York City and NYS taxes from the employment income of all New York City and Westchester employees. In addition, we contributed over $500,000 in Metropolitan Commuter Transportation Mobility (MCTM) tax, and $1.5 million in property taxes. - Student Spending: Off-campus student spending also generates economic activity in the region. In fiscal year 2018, our Pleasantville students spent $24.3 million for off-campus housing, food, entertainment, housing, transportation, books, and other personal expenses. This spending supports employment, economic output and earnings in industries such as retail trade, real estate, food services, among others thereby generating $42.7 million increase in economic output, $11.1 million in earnings and 359 jobs.
- Visitor Spending: In fiscal year 2018, over 78,000 people visited the Pleasantville campus for conferences, speaking engagements, orientations, sporting events and other activities. Visitors spent $8.3 million at restaurants, hotels, retail stores, and other community businesses. The secondary impact of visitor spending generates an estimated $15.7 million in economic output, $4.9 million in earnings and 166 full-time equivalent jobs.
Putting it all Together
桃瘾社区鈥檚 Pleasantville campus has been an important neighbor in the Westchester community for over a decade 鈥 and indeed 桃瘾社区 is a strong economic vehicle generating over $279 million in economic impact in the area.
Methodology
In order to define the economic impact of 桃瘾社区, Pleasantville, we looked at several measures and estimates including the overall operating budget for the campus, the number and profile of students, and visitor spending. We calculated the multiplier effect, or secondary impact, of 桃瘾社区 Pleasantville expenditures as determined by the Regional Input-Output Modeling System (RIMS II) developed by the Bureau of Economic Analysis of the U.S. Department of Commerce.
Economic Impact of University Spending
Economic multipliers were obtained from the BEA and applied to the overall University expenditures. In order to estimate how 桃瘾社区 Pleasantville expenditure contributed economic activity in the region, we applied output, earnings, and employment multipliers associated with the industry Junior colleges, colleges, universities and professions schools-611A00. According to the BEA:
- Output represents the total dollar change in output that occurs in all the industries for each additional dollar of output delivered to final demand by the Industry corresponding to the entry
- Earnings represents the total dollar change in earnings of households employed by all industries for each additional dollar of output delivered to final demand by the Industry corresponding to the entry
- Employment represents the total change in number of jobs that occurs in all industries for each additional 1 million dollars of output delivered to final demand by the industry corresponding to the entry
These multipliers were applied to the Pleasantville campus expenditure of $106.7 million to determine the indirect and induced impact University spending contributed to the major industries.
Economic Impact of Student Spending
While tuition and fees, and room and board for on-campus students, is already included in the overall University budget, we further estimated student spending off-campus. Estimates of student spending on books, living allowance, food, travel, and personal expenses are available in the University鈥檚 Cost of Attendance (COA) budget. With this information, and numbers of in-residence students and non-resident students, both independent and dependent, we able to allocate students to several spending profiles.
Multipliers for Retail Trade: Industry Codes 29 & 30 were applied to all student spending on personal expenses, books, and food, estimated at $11.4 million. Multipliers for Real estate: Industry Code 48 were applied to the housing budgets for students classified as 鈥渓iving independently.鈥 These off-campus housing expenditures were estimated at $12.9 million. Summer student spending was estimated at 25% of the annual COA, in line with comparable reports. We further assume that 70% of our part-time students are already living and working in the Pleasantville area, therefore we estimated their spending at 30% of COA.
Economic Impact of Visitor Spending
In accordance with comparable reports, to determine the economic impact of visitor spending we obtained actual and estimated numbers of visitors from the University Departments of Special Events and Athletics. These included non-桃瘾社区 visitors who attended events, conferences, meetings, orientations, and other activities on our Pleasantville campus during the 2018 fiscal year. These events were categorized as 鈥渋nternal鈥 special events and 鈥渆xternal鈥 special events. When actual numbers of non-桃瘾社区 attendees were not available, we estimated the total 桃瘾社区 attendees to 鈥渆xternal鈥 events to be 10% and the number of overnight visitors at external events to be 10% of the total.
Visitors to 桃瘾社区 may include prospective students, families, conference and special event participants. The visitors were categorized Day Trip and Overnight Visitors. As 桃瘾社区 event surveys of visitor spending are not available, we approximate visitor spending on food, entertainment, accommodation, and travel based on findings of recent comparable reports and publications2 which were then averaged:
- Day trip: $83.00
- Overnight: $252.50
Total visitor spending was estimated to be $8.3 million. Multipliers for Retail Trade-Industry Codes 29 & 30 were applied to the direct visitors spending to determine economic impact.
1According to the BEA: Output represents the total dollar change in output that occurs in all the industries for each additional dollar of output delivered to final demand by the Industry corresponding to the entry; Earnings represents the total dollar change in earnings of households employed by all industries for each additional dollar of output delivered to final demand by the Industry corresponding to the entry; Employment represents the total change in number of jobs that occurs in all industries for each additional 1 million dollars of output delivered to final demand by the industry corresponding to the entry.
2US General Services AdministrationFY19 Per Diem Rates for Zip 10570; National Park Service 2017 National Park Visitor Spending Effects